Tablet

A tablet is a combination of active substances and excipients, usually in powder form, pressed or compacted into a solid. The excipients include binders, glidants (flow aids) and lubricants to ensure capable tabletting; disintegrants to ensure that the tablet breaks up in the digestive region; sweeteners or flavours to mask the taste of bad-tasting active ingredients; and pigments to make uncoated tablets visually attractive. A coating may be applied to hide the taste of the tablet's components, to make the tablet smoother and easier to swallow, and to make it more resistant to the environment, extending its shelf life.

Medicines to be taken orally are very often supplied in tablet form; definitely the word tablet without qualification would be taken to refer to a therapeutic tablet. Medicinal tablets and capsules are often called drug. Other products are manufactured in the form of tablets which are designed to melt or disintegrate.

Medicinal tablets are usually intended to be swallowed, and are of a fit size and shape. Tablets for other purposes, e.g., effervescent medicinal tablets and non-medicinal tablets, may be larger.

Medicinal tablets were originally made in the shape of a disk of whatever color their components determined, but are now made in many shapes and colors to help users to discriminate between different medicines that they take. Tablets are often stamped with symbols, letters, and numbers, which enable them to be identified. Sizes of tablets to be swallowed range from a few millimeters to about a centimeter.

When Tylenol capsules were laced with cyanide, many people stopped buying capsules because they are easy to pollute, in favor of tablets, which are not. Some makers of over-the-counter drugs responded by starting to make what they termed "caplets", which were actually just tablets made in the shape of a container.

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